ZI (2001-2005): Polynesian Lithosphere and Upper Mantle Experiment (PLUME)

• University Montpellier II (UM2 UMSF), France

PLUME (Polynesian Lithosphere and Upper Mantle Experiment) aims to study the upper mantle structure beneath the french Polynesia. Our objectives are to image hotspots in the upper mantle and their connection with the South Pacific "superplume", to probe the large-scale mantle flow and how this flow is affected by the plumes and the lithospheric structure (e.g., fracture zones) and to investigate the plume-lithosphere interaction. The LDG/CEA permanent stations in the region have been supplemented by the deployment of 9 broadband stations, started in november 2001 for a period of five years. PLUME stations cover the various archipelagos and sample three oceanic domains with lithospheric ages varying from 30 to 100 ma, separated by two oceanic transforms (the Marquesas and Australs transforms). The covered area could contains five hotspots. Data should allow to improve significantly the resolution of tomographic images (especially for surface waves) and the seismic anisotropy database (SKS splitting and surface waves anisotropy) available in the Pacific mantle.

Barruol, G., D. Bosch, V. Clouard, E. Debayle, M. P. Doin, F. Fontaine, M. Godard, F. Masson, D. Reymond, A. Tommasi and C. Thoraval, PLUME investigates the South Pacific Superswell, Eos, 83, 511-514, 2002
Barruol, G., Reymond, D., Fontaine, F. R., Hyvernaud, O., Maurer, V. & Maamaatuaiahutapu, K., 2006. Characterizing swells in the southern Pacific from seismic and infrasonic noise analyses, Geophys. J. Int., 164, 516-542, https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-246X.2006.02871.x
Maggi, A., Debayle, E., Priestley, K. & Barruol, G., 2006. Multi-mode surface waveform tomography of the Pacific ocean: a closer look at the lithopsheric cooling signature, Geophys. J. Int., 166, 1384-1397, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03037.x
Maggi, A., Debayle, E., Priestley, K. & Barruol, G., 2006. Azimuthal anisotropy of the Pacific region, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 250, 53-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.010
Fontaine, F., G. Barruol, A. Tommasi, and G. H. R. Bokelmann (2007), Upper mantle flow beneath French Polynesia from shear-wave-splitting, Geophys. J. Int., 170, 1262-1288, https://doi.org/1210.1111/j.1365-1246X.2007.03475.x
Tanaka, S., Obayashi, M., Suetsugu, D., Shiobara, H., Sugioka, H., Yoshimitsu, J., Kanazawa, T., Fukao, Y. & Barruol, G., 2009. P-wave tomography of the mantle beneath the South Pacific Superswell revealed by joint ocean floor and islands broadband seismic experiments Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 172, 3-4, 268-277, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.10.016
Tanaka, S., D. Suetsugu, H. Shiobara, H. Sugioka, T. Kanazawa, Y. Fukao, G. Barruol, D. Reymond, The vertical extent of the large low shear velocity province beneath the South Pacific Superswell, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L07305, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037568 (2009)
Barruol, G., D. Suetsugu, H. Shiobara, H. Sugioka, S. Tanaka, G. H. R. Bokelmann, F. R. Fontaine, and D. Reymond (2009), Mapping upper mantle flow beneath French Polynesia from broadband ocean bottom seismic observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L14301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL038139
Suetsugu, D., Isse, T., Tanaka, S., Obayashi, M., Shiobara, H., Sugioka, H., Kanazawa, T., Fukao, Y., Barruol, G. & Reymond, D., 2009. South Pacific mantle plumes imaged by seismic observation on islands and seafloor, Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GC002533

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